The optical chip is the heart of the optical module, responsible for converting electrical signals into optical signals (transmitter) and optical signals into electrical signals (receiver). It mainly consists of optoelectronic devices (optical transmitter and optical receiver), functional circuits, and optical bores. They are cheaper and good for networks with few fibers. Dual fiber transceivers use two fibers, giving more speed and stability. Photonic integrated circuits use photons (or particles of light) as. There are five types of optical module packages: SFP, SFP+, SFP28, QSFP+ and QSFP28, and the speed rates are 100M/1000M, 10G, 25G, 40G, 100G.